Mimicry in nature is a fascinating phenomenon. It’s well known that certain butterflies deter predators by resembling other bitter-tasting or poisonous butterflies. It’s slightly less common knowledge that many orchid flowers lure pollinating insects by “tricking” them with the appearance of offering nectar, homes for their eggs, or even a mate of the opposite sex.

One of the most visually arresting examples of orchid mimicry is offered by the Central American Reed Orchid, Epidendrum radicans (pictured bottom left). These bright red and yellow flowers look so much like the Tropical Milkweed, Asclepias curassavica (pictured top left), it’s hard to believe that the two plants are completely unrelated. They are often found growing in the same environments.                     

Butterflies and hummingbirds are both drawn to brightly colored flowers, with a special preference for the colors red and orange. Hovering birds and delicate butterflies need flowers that provide easy access without obstacles to their wings. They also require abundant nectar to fuel their constant motion. The tropical milkweed satisfies on all counts, while the orchid has the bright colors and accessible flowers, but is stingier with its nectar. The orchids get pollinated without expending all their energy on nectar production.  There are thousands of different orchid species with unique and fascinating pollination strategies. Many of these are yet to be discovered and described.